PHI103 Week 2 – Quiz
This attempt took 58 minutes.
Question 1
0 / 1 pts
What type of inductive argument is the following example?
“My dog loves broccoli. Your dog probably will too.”
Correct Answer
Argument from analogy
Inductive generalization
Statistical syllogism
Inference to the best explanation
The answer can be found in Section 5.7, “Arguments from Analogy,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 2
1 / 1 pts
Adding more premises to a valid deductive argument ____________.
can make it go from valid to invalid
can make it inductively stronger
can make the other premises true
cannot make it invalid
Question 3
1 / 1 pts
One way to make an inductive argument weaker is to __________.
Correct!
strengthen the conclusion
eliminate the conclusion
make the argument valid
strengthen a premise
Question 4
0 / 1 pts
Which of the following is true of the distinction between induction and deduction?
Inductive reasoning means going from the specific to the general; while deductive reasoning is the reverse.
Inductive reasoning means going from the general to the specific, while deductive reasoning is the reverse.
Some forms of inductive reasoning go from the specific to the general, while others go from the general to the specific.
Deductive reasoning never has a general conclusion.
The answer can be found in Section 6.1, “Contrasting Deduction and Induction,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 5
1 / 1 pts
What is the word for an argument that is inductively strong and has all true premises?
Cogent.
Sound.
Valid.
True.
Question 6
1 / 1 pts
In logic, which of the following is NOT true of all deductive arguments?
they reason from general to particular
they can be valid or invalid
if they are valid, it is impossible to have true premises and a false conclusion
if they are invalid, it is possible to have true premises and a false conclusion
none of these
Question 7
0 / 1 pts
What type of inductive argument is the following example?
96% of teenagers like rock and roll music
Mike is a teenager
So, Mike probably likes rock and roll music
Argument from analogy
Inductive generalization
Statistical syllogism
Inference to the best explanation
The answer can be found in Section 5.2, “Statistical Arguments: Statistical Syllogisms,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 8
1 / 1 pts
Inductive arguments should not be characterized as __________.
weak
very weak
valid
strong
Question 9
1 / 1 pts
What does it mean for an argument to be cogent?
It is valid and sound.
It is inductively strong and has all true premises.
It has a structure that is intended to be valid.
All of the above.
Question 10
1 / 1 pts
The premises of inductive arguments are intended to: __________.
prove the conclusion
increase the likelihood that the conclusion is true
be valid
promote an interesting discussion of the truth of the conclusion
Question 11
1 / 1 pts
“All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore Socrates is mortal” is what type of argument?
inductive
deductive
argument from definition
invalid
Question 12
0 / 1 pts
What type of inductive reasoning is the following argument?
Dentists say that flossing is important, so it must be true.
Statistical syllogism
Argument from authority
Inductive generalization
This is not an inductive argument.
The answer can be found in Section 5.6, “Arguments from Authority,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 13
1 / 1 pts
An argument is deductive __________.
if it moves from the general to the particular
if it moves from the particular to the general
if it presents itself in relation to a hypothesis
if it presents itself as being valid
none of these
Question 14
1 / 1 pts
Which of the following statements is likely to have the strongest inductive evidence?
Your teacher will eat an egg for breakfast tomorrow.
The Colts will win the Super Bowl next year.
There will be nuclear war next month.
The earth will continue to orbit the sun over the next five days.
Question 15
0 / 1 pts
“No cats are dogs. Some cats are mammals. Therefore, some dogs are mammals.” This argument is __________.
a mathematical argument
an inductive argument
a categorical argument
an argument by definition
The answer can be found in Section 3.3, “Types of Deductive Arguments,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 16
0 / 1 pts
The counterexample method shows that an argument is invalid by _______
proving the truth of the conclusion from the premises
proving that the conclusion is false
proving that a premise is false
finding an argument of the same form with true premises and a false conclusion
The answer can be found in Section 3.2, “Categorical Logic: Evaluating Deductive Arguments,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Question 17
1 / 1 pts
What type of inductive argument is the following example?
“I had mincemeat pie once, and it was terrible. So, it will be terrible next time too.”
Argument from analogy
Inductive generalization
Statistical syllogism
Inference to the best explanation
Question 18
1 / 1 pts
What type of inductive argument is the following example?
Every Eagles record I have heard has been great, so probably all of their albums are great.
Argument from analogy
Inductive generalization
Statistical syllogism
Inference to the best explanation
Question 19
1 / 1 pts
A valid argument is __________.
an argument in which it is impossible to have true premises and a false conclusion
an argument with true premises and a false conclusion
an argument in which it is possible to have true premises and a true conclusion
an argument that necessarily has true premises and a true conclusion
all of these
Question 20
0 / 1 pts
What type of inductive argument is the following example?
The majority of people surveyed prefer strawberry to chocolate
Therefore, most people prefer strawberry to chocolate
Argument from analogy
Inductive generalization
Statistical syllogism
Inference to the best explanation
PHI103 Week 2 – Quiz Answer
The answer can be found in Section 5.3, “Statistical Arguments: Inductive Generalizations,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking.
Quiz Score: 20 out of 20
